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KYOKUSHIN-KAN USA

Scoring & Decisions

Tournament Rules

Scoring & Decisions

Mandatory Bowing Protocol

In Kyokushin-kan, we uphold the principles of Budo Karate, where respect and etiquette are essential both in and out of competition. All competitors must bow correctly upon entering and exiting the competition area, as well as when showing respect to the referee panel and to each other. A proper bow is performed by raising the hands in a cross formation, then lowering them while bending the torso forward approximately 30 degrees, and clearly saying “OSU”. Failure to bow properly will result in a warning (Chui). If the correction is not made, it may lead to disqualification from the match.

SCORING:
  1. Scores are as follows:
    1. IPPON (Clear Victory);
    2. WAZA-ARI (Half Victory).
  2. IPPON is awarded for:
    1. an effective strike made by hand or elbow, or a kick delivered to any zone allowed by the rules, which knocked the opponent down for 5 seconds or more;
    2. an effective strike made by hand or elbow, or a kick delivered to any zone allowed by the rules, having received which the competitor lost his desire to continue fighting;
  3. WAZA-ARI is awarded for:
    1. a fist or elbow strike, or a kick delivered to any zone allowed by the rules, which knocked the opponent down for less than 5 seconds (the opponent stood up within 5 seconds);
    2. a fist or elbow strike, or a kick delivered to any zone allowed by the rules, after which the opponent kept standing but temporarily lost his desire for fighting or lost balance;
    3. in age groups of 4-17 years all permitted kicks delivered on JODAN level (head level) which were delivered clearly (without any protection) are awarded WAZA-ARI.
  4. Should one competitor gain a second WAZA-ARI in one time of the bout, he/she is to be declared the winner (WAZA-ARI AWASETE IPPON, AWASETE IPPON GACHI).
  5. An effective technique delivered at the same time that the end of the bout is signaled, is considered valid. A technique even if effective, delivered after the order of “YAME!” (“Stop!”) by the Referee shall not be scored and may result in a penalty being imposed on the offender.
  6. No technique, even if technically correct, will be scored if it is delivered when both competitors are outside the contest area. However, if one of the competitors delivers an effective technique while still inside the competition area and before the Referee calls “YAME!”, the technique will be scored.
Tournament Rules

PROHIBITED BEHAVIOR (HANSOKU)

Prohibited activities are:

  1. Hand and elbow strikes to the face. In some cases even finger touches to the face may be considered as the infraction. However, the imitation of strikes to the face is allowed;
  2. Hand and elbow strikes to the throat, sides or back of the neck;
  3. Strikes to the groin;
  4. Head strikes (zutsuki);
  5. Attacking fallen opponent;
  6. Strikes to the spine;
  7. Attacks from the position with head set to opponent’s head;
  8. Hooking opponent’s neck, head and In case of knee strikes (HIZA- GERI) all the arm above elbow is considered to be the shoulder.
  9. Grasping opponent’s KARATEGI, hands or legs;
  10. Pushes (OSHI) to the body and shoulders with palms, forearms, fists, and shoulders. Points shall not be given for attacks which follow after pushes.
  11. The throwing techniques, which require the opponent to be held, seized, or pushed.
  12. Moving toward the opponent with the aim of bringing hands or body in touch with the hands or body of the opponent in order to trap his hands and prevent him striking, or unbalance him;
  13. Attacks to the knee joint with rectilinear kicks: MAE-GERI, SOKUTO- GERI, USHIRO-GERI.
  14. Feigning or exaggerating injury received due to prohibited
  15. Exit from the competition area (JOGAI) not caused by the JOGAI relates to a situation where a competitor’s foot or feet are outside of the contest area. An exception is when the competitor is physically pushed or thrown from the area by the opponent. Also if a competitor’s both feet get outside of the contest area during a quick maneuver, after which he immediately returns or assume to return immediately to the contest area, the maneuver shall not be estimated as JOGAI. Warning must be extended for the third instance of JOGAI.
  16. Avoiding combat as a means of preventing the opponent from having the opportunity to score. “Avoiding Combat” refers to a situation where a competitor attempts to prevent the opponent having the opportunity to score by using time- wasting behavior. This often occurs during the closing seconds of a bout, when a competitor, who earlier received the winning score, is trying to maintain the advantage. The competitor who constantly retreats without effective counter, makes multiple attempts to deliver kick with deliberate fall (SUTEMI-WAZA), that yield no result, stops for putting clothes in order, or exits the area rather than allow the opponent an opportunity to score must be warned or penalized. However, stepping back and maneuvering combined with counterattacks shall not be estimated as avoiding combat and shall not be warned or penalized.
  17. Passivity – not attempting to engage in combat. Passivity refers to situations where one or both of the competitors do not attempt to exchange techniques over an extended period of time If the competitors, who won preceding bouts, demonstrate sluggish, passive combat during the bout, which contrasts sharply with the active combat they showed in previous bouts, the Referee can give oral warning (KEIKOKU) to both of them or has the right to penalize both of them with CHUI. If this does not help to change the character of combat, the referee has the right to stop the bout and, upon the consultation with the Referee Commission, to disqualify both competitors (SHIKKAKU).
  18. When disqualification (SHIKKAKU) happens in the bout for the 1st place, then the 1st and 2nd places remain vacant. When disqualification (SHIKKAKU) happens in the fight for the 3rd place, then the 3rd and 4th places remain vacant. When disqualification (SHIKKAKU) happens during the bouts other than the ones mentioned above, then those competitors who lost bouts to the disqualified competitors continue competing in the next bout of the competitions.
  19. Talking to, or goading the opponent, failing to obey the orders of the Referee, discourteous behavior towards the refereeing officials, or other breaches of etiquette (REISETSU KETSUJO).
  20. Any discourteous behavior from a member of an official delegation (the team representative, a coach, or a doctor) can earn the disqualification of a competitor, the entire team, or delegation from the tournament.
Tournament Rules

WARNINGS & PENALTIES:

  1. Referees and Judges are authorized to award penalties according to the “intent” or situation and in the best interest of the sport.
  1. Should the Referee decide to penalize a competitor(s), he shall halt the bout, return the competitors to their starting positions and announce the penalty while pointing to the competitor(s) who committed the prohibited act.
  2. Where both competitors infringe the rules at the same time, each should be awarded a penalty according to the degree of the infringement.
  3. Prohibited acts shall be punished with oral warnings (KEIKOKU), which are unofficial penalties in the meaning that they do not influence the decision of judges, and with official penalties, that is with official warning (CHUI) and the penalty points (GENTEN ICHI, GENTEN NI, GENTEN SAN) in following order:
    • The first minor infraction shall be punished with the oral warning (KEIKOKU),
    • The first serious infraction shall be punished with the official warning (CHUI),
    • The second infraction shall be punished with the first penalty point (GENTEN ICHI),
    • The third infraction shall be punished with the second penalty point (GENTEN NI),
    • The fourth infraction shall be punished with the third penalty point (GENTEN SAN), and with the disqualification of the competitor (SHIKKAKU).

Especially dangerous and malicious infractions (AKUSHITSU KOGEKI) can be punished with the first penalty point (GENTEN ICHI) straight away, without giving first KEIKOKU or CHUI.

Penalties are not cumulative. Each penalty must be awarded at its own value. The awarding of any second or subsequent penalty automatically cancels an earlier penalty. Whenever a competitor has already been penalized, any succeeding penalties for that competitor must always be awarded at least in the next higher value than his existing penalty.

Whenever a referee awards a penalty, he should demonstrate with a simple action the reason for the penalty.

A penalty can be awarded after the announcement of “YAME!” for any prohibited act committed during the time allotted for the contest or, in some exceptional situations, for serious acts committed after the signal to end the contest, as long as the decision has not been given.

KEIKOKU (oral warning):
  1. KEIKOKU is imposed to any competitor for the first instance of a minor
  2. The right to impose KEIKOKU belongs solely to the Referee, who does not need support by the Judges and does not need to count their votes.
  3. KEIKOKU can be imposed only once for one kind of infraction but can be imposed again for other infractions.
  4. If the Referee perceived an infraction and halted the bout, but was not supported by the Judges, or if three or four judges showed «HANSOKU!» («Infraction of rules!»), and the Referee stopped the bout, but reckoned the infraction to be minor and not deserving to be punished with CHUI, the Referee may award the offender KEIKOKU.
  5. KEIKOKU shall not be taken into account when the Judges make their decision on the result of the bout (HANTEI).
CHUI:
  1. CHUI is imposed to any competitor who has committed a serious infraction or having been penalized KEIKOKU commits a second minor infraction of the same kind.
  2. CHUI can be imposed only when supported at least by three Judges, including the Referee.
  3. When imposing CHUI (as well as GENTEN ICHI, GENTEN NI and GENTEN SAN) the Referee is obliged to count votes of the Judges.
GENTEN ICHI:
  1. GENTEN ICHI is imposed to any competitor who, having been penalized by CHUI, commits an infraction again.
  2. GENTEN ICHI may also be imposed to any competitor who commits an especially serious infraction, regardless of if he had been penalized by CHUI earlier or not.
GENTEN NI:
  1. GENTEN NI is imposed to any competitor who, having been penalized by GENTEN ICHI, commits an infraction again.
  2. GENTEN NI is equal to WAZA-ARI, so if a competitor has both WAZA- ARI and GENTEN NI his score is equal to zero.
GENTEN SAN:
  1. GENTEN SAN is imposed to any competitor who, having been penalized by GENTEN NI, commits an infraction again.
  2. The imposing of GENTEN SAN leads to the disqualification of the competitor (SHIKKAKU).
Disqualification (SHIKKAKU):
  1. SHIKKAKU is a disqualification from the entire actual tournament with a possible suspension from competition for an additional time period.
  2. A SHIKKAKU can be directly imposed, without warnings of any
  3. SHIKKAKU may be invoked:
    1. when a competitor receives the third penalty point (GENTEN SAN);
    2. when a competitor fails to obey the orders of the Referee,
    3. when a competitor comes to the competition area for a bout more than 1 minute later than the time or does not come to it at all;
    4. when during the weigh-in during the credentials commission it is discovered that the competitor’s weight exceeds the upper limit set for the weight category, he has applied to participate in;
    5. when use of doping was
    6. when a competitor acts maliciously, disrespectfully or commits an act which harms the prestige and honor of Kyokushin. This also includes gestures like guts-pose (victory pose = throwing the hand or fist above) after the announcement of the victory or of awarding the WAZA-ARI, which shall be considered the breach of etiquette or demonstration of disrespect to the opponent;
    7. when the coach or a non-combatant member of the competitor’s delegation

behave in such a way as to harm the prestige and honor of Kyokushin.

  1. A public announcement of SHIKKAKU must be made.
Tournament Rules

CRITERIA FOR JUDGING DECISION:

  1. The acts of a competitor in the competitive bouts (KUMITE) shall be in conformity with spirit and principals of real fight. The competitor must keep distance that allows him to defend himself from any attacks, including the attacks forbidden by the Rules and aimed to any vulnerable body zones.
  2. In Kyokushin competitions etiquette must be rigorously observed. Therefore, behavior of disrespect to opponent or to the refereeing officials shall not be allowed in the competition area. It shall be forbidden to express exultation because of the victory, or clamor because of decision of the Referee Panel in any manner, including taking guts-pose (victory pose).
  3. The result of a bout is determined by a competitor obtaining IPPON (IPPON GACHI) or 2 WAZA-ARI in one time of the bout, which in sum give the clear victory (AWASETE IPPON GACHI), or at time-up, by the decision of the Referee Panel (HANTEI GACHI), or by disqualification imposed against a competitor (SHIKKAKU), or KIKEN, the refusal from the bout (FUSENSHO).
  4. No individual bout can be declared a tie (HIKIWAKE). But a tie can be declared after the base time of the main round, the extension round, and the second extension After the final extension round the decision by the Referee Panel on the winner is obligatory.
  5. If the bout winner is not determined by awarding the clear victory (IPPON GACHI), due to competitor’s opponent disqualification (SHIKKAKU); or due to competitor’s opponent refusal from the bout (KIKEN), then the decision will be made by a final vote of the 4 Judges and the Referee, each casting his vote. A decision (HANTEI) comes into effect, when supported by three or more votes.
  6. The result of a bout is determined by a competitor obtaining a lead in points:
    1. the competitor who has lead of WAZA-ARI and has not obtained GENTEN NI shall be declared the winner (the competitor, who has obtained both WAZA-ARI and GENTEN NI, has the score equal to zero, in this case the content of the bout will be judged);
    2. if both competitors have equal scores (no WAZA-ARI or both have WAZA- ARI), then the competitor who has obtained less official warnings by the two points shall be declared the winner (the competitor who has not obtained CHUI will win the competitor who has obtained GENTEN ICHI; the competitor who has obtained CHUI will win the competitor who has obtained GENTEN NI).
Scores and official remarks received by participant № 1 Scores and official remarks received by participant № 2 The decision of the judging team
WAZA-ARI - The competitor № 1 shall be declared the winner
WAZA-ARI + CHUI - The competitor № 1 shall be declared the winner
WAZA-ARI + GENTEN ICHI - The competitor № 1 shall be declared the winner
WAZA-ARI + GENTEN NI = 0 - The decision will be made by a final vote on the basis of the additional criteria
Scores and official remarks received by participant № 1 Scores and official remarks received by participant № 2 The decision of the judging team
- CHUI The decision will be made by a final vote on the basis of the additional criteria
- GENTEN ICHI The competitor № 1 shall be declared the winner
WAZA-ARI WAZA-ARI + GENTEN ICHI The competitor № 1 shall be declared the winner
WAZA-ARI WAZA-ARI + CHUI The decision will be made by a final vote on the basis of the additional criteria
  1. If after full time there are no scores, or scores are equal, the decision (HANTEI) will be made by a final vote of the four Judges and the Referee on the basis of the following additional criteria which are enumerated in order of their importance (a, b, c, d):
    1. Damage to the opponent: Damage shall be considered an effect of a strike that though is not equal in quality to a strike estimated for WAZA-ARI point, but is close to it.
    2. The superiority of tactics and techniques: The preference shall be given to the attacks, which are delivered clearly, reach a target, use correct hip and body motion; kicking attacks using a higher degree of skill to the body or head where it is a clear attempt to cause damage or score IPPON; or to counterattacks, which are delivered upon evading the opponent’s strike that fail to reach a target.
    3. Attack activity and variety using all limbs: Attack activity shall appear in a greater number of strikes delivered with both arms and legs and in the majority of the actions initiated. Just moving forward not delivering strikes is not considered as an attack activity.
    4. Attitude and fighting spirit: The preference shall be given to the competitor who initiated more attacks.
  2. The official warning (CHUI) shall not be taken into account when the Judges deliver their decision (HANTEI) upon the expiry of the base time of a main round. But it shall be taken into account when the Judges deliver their decision after the extension round. However, independently of the CHUI, preference shall be given to the competitor, who had an advantage during the bout.
Tournament Rules

STARTING, SUSPENDING AND ENDING OF MATCHES:

  1. The terms and gestures to be used by the Referee and Judges in the operation of a match shall be as specified in Appendix 1.
  2. The Referee and Judges shall always be in position to start the contest before the arrival on the contest area of the competitors. The Referee shall stand in the contest area at his starting line. He shall be facing thePresidium.
  3. Starting the bout
    1. When beginning a bout, the announcer on duty shall call the competitors to the competition area. The SHIRO competitor is called first, and the AKA competitor second.
    2. Before the competitors will enter the competition area, the Referee Assistants will check their clothing and protective equipment. If a problem with a competitor’s clothing and protective equipment will be detected, the competitor shall be given one (1) minute to remedy the matter. If he shall not be able to remedy the matter within one (1) minute, he will be refused the right to compete and the opponent shall win the contest by KIKEN-GACHI.
    3. When entering the competition area the competitors will bow first towards the competition area and then towards the Presidium and then enter the contest area.
      4. A part of the etiquette of Kyokushin, the REI bowing, is a tradition which reflects the respect and discipline that permeates the unique activities of our sport. To bow the competitor first crosses hands in front of his face, then cuts with hands diagonally downward, leaning forward simultaneously (30 degree leaning), face down, with the back straight. All standing REI should be at an angle of 30 degrees as measured at the waist. Competitors who do not bow in accordance with these guidelines of the rules will be requested to do so. Those who refuse will be reported to the Supreme Judge of the championship who shall disqualify the competitor from further competition and in the case of a medal contest, strip him of the medal and placement.
    4. When a competitor enters the contest area, the Referee shows the competitor to take his place, directing his extended hand with extended fingers on the closest side at the competitor’s starting line. The competitors will stand on their starting lines, facing each other. The Referee will stand at his starting line.
    5. At the Referee’s order of “SHOMEN-NI!” (“Face the Presidium!”; at this moment the Referee shall extended his right hand with extended fingers towards the Presidium) the competitors will face the Presidium, and at the Referee’s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”) they will bow towards the Presidium. The Referee shall make the bow towards the Presidium together with the competitors.
    6. At the Referee’s order of “SHUSHIN-NI!” (“Face the Referee!”; at this moment the Referee shall extend his hands with fists clenched palm side up towards the competitors) the competitors will face the Referee, and at the Referee’s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”; at this moment the Referee shall bring his fists to his chin palm side down) they will bow towards the Referee. The Referee shall also make the bow towards the competitors.
    7. At the Referee’s order of “O-TAGAI-NI!” (“Face each other!”; at this moment the Referee shall extend his hands with fists clenched palm side up towards the competitors) the competitors will face each other, and at the Referee’s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”; at this moment the Referee shall bring his fists to each other in front of his chest) they will bow towards each other. The Referee shall not make the bow this time.
    8. At the Referee’s order of KAMAETE! (“Take positions!” / “Prepare for bout!”; at this moment the Referee shall imitate the fighting position, raising hands in front of his body), the competitors will simultaneously take a step backward and take fighting positions while waiting for the referee to order “HAJIME!” (“Start!”). The Referee is to check at this moment that both competitors are ready to start the bout and take positions behind their starting lines.
    9. At the referee’s order of “HAJIME!” (at this moment the Referee shall make SEIKEN CHUDAN-ZUKI in front of him), the competitors shall start the bout.
  4. During the bout
    1. The Referee must keep the distance which will allow him to jump in between the competitors at any time, but also not to get in the way of the competitors.
    2. The Referee should not keep standing in the way of Judges to block their view.
    3. The Referee should not turn his back toward the Presidium.
    4. The Judges will show their decisions by the displaying of the flags. At the same time, they must let the Referee know of their decisions by blowing the whistles accordingly.
    5. Once the contest has started the competitors may only leave the competition area if given permission to do so by the Referee. Permission will only be given in very exceptional circumstances, such as the necessity to change a KARATEGI which has become damaged or soiled.
  5. Suspending the bout When faced with the following situations, the Referee will call “YAME!” (“Stop!”) and halt the bout temporarily:
    1. When, in the opinion of the Referee, there has been a point scored or foul committed, or the situation calls for halting the match for safety reasons.
    2. When the Judges signal that a competitor has contravened the rules.
    3. When either or both competitors are out of the contest area (JOGAI).
    4. When one or both competitors fall or are thrown.
    5. When there is need to put the KARATEGI or protective equipment in order.
    6. When requested to do so by the Tatami Manager.
  6. The Referee must not stop the bout needlessly.
  7. When stopping the bout for a HANSOKU or JOGAI, the Referee must not only order “YAME!”, but also jump in between the two competitors.
  8. When a competitor stops fighting due to the Corner Judge’ whistles, but the Referee decides that there is no need to halt the bout, the Referee shall place his SHUTO in between the competitors and order “ZOKKO!” (“Continue fighting!”). Competitors shall not stop fighting until the Referee gives the order of “YAME!” (“Stop!”) and are to maintain ZANSHIN (the state of total concentration, observation, and awareness of the opponent’s potentiality to attack), without dropping their guard. If the opponent successfully delivers an attack due to the competitor’s lack of ZANSHIN, his attack will be scored.
  9. When stopping the bout, if necessary, the Referee will order the competitors to take up their starting positions.
  10. When counting votes of the Judges, the Referee shall step back to the border of the contest area, so that he could easily see all the Judges.
    11. The Referee shall count votes of the Judges by using his right hand SHUTO, not a finger. If the Judges‟ votes differ, when counting, the Referee first announces the decision of the Judge, sitting to his right: “SHIRO!” (“White!”), “AKA!” (“Red!”), or “HIKIWAKE” (“TIE”). Then the Referee counts same decisions of other Judges. When another decision (or other decisions) are indicated by another Judge (or other Judges), the Referee counts them in the same way starting from the right side. When there are 3 votes of same sort, then the Referee shall start counting from the minor vote. When all votes of the Judges are counted, the Referee announces his own decision (at this moment the Referee brings his right palm to his chest announcing “SHUSHIN”) and finally announces the final decision (HANTEI) by majority of votes. However, if the referee’s vote belongs to the minority vote, then the Referee shall count himself before counting the majority votes. When counting the Japanese numerals are used: “ICHI” (“One”), “NI” (“Two”), “SAN” (“Three”), “SHI” (“Four”), “GO” (“Five”).
  11. Stopping the timing (TOKEI-WO TOMETE KUDASAI)
    1. Normally, when stopping the bout, the Referee will not stop the timing.
    2. Upon delivering the decision, the Referee must restart the bout with the minimum of delay by the order of “ZOKKO!” (“Continue!”; at this moment the Referee shall make a short cutting motion downwards with his right SHUTO in between the competitors).
    3. The Referee stops the timing,
      • If a competitor falls unconscious or gets injured, and the Tournament Doctor is called for treatment;
      • when there is need to put the KARATEGI or protective equipment in order;
      • when requested to do so by the Tatami Manager.
    4. When stopping timing the Referee shall give the order of “TOKEI- WO TOMETE KUDASAI!” (“Please, stop timing!”) and place a hand above the head, and touch its palm by the fingertips of the other hand at the right angle, making the letter “T”.
    5. When a competitor or both competitors need to put the KARATEGI or protective equipment in order, the Referee will stop the fight, as well as the clock, and make competitors return to their starting lines.
    6. The competitor who does not need the treatment by the Tournament Doctor, or who does not need to put his KARATEGI or protective equipment in order, shall turn around to face the outside of the contest area and wait standing.
  12. When the Referee returns to his position, he shall count the votes of the Judges. In the case of a score or a penalty to be awarded the Referee identifies the competitor (AKA or SHIRO), the area attacked, and then awards the relevant score using the prescribed gesture. The Referee then restarts the bout by calling “ZOKKO!”. When restarting the bout, the Referee should check that both competitors are on their lines and properly composed. Competitors jumping up and down or otherwise fidgeting must be still before combat can recommence. The Referee must restart the bout with the minimum of delay.
  13. The ending of the bout
    1. The bout is ended when the time allotted is expired, or when a competitor has obtained IPPON.
    2. Once the time allotted for the bout is expired, the timekeeper will indicate this by an audible signal and by throwing the small bag of red approximately 20 cm x 15 cm with beans inside in the direction of the referee’s feet. Once the bag has been thrown to the contest area the Judges additionally indicate this to the Referee by a long, strong blow of whistle.
    3. Once the contest is over and the Referee has ordered “YAME!”, the competitors should stand at their starting positions, facing the Presidium, to await the result. The competitors should at this point have their KARATEGI in order.
    4. If the time allotted for the bout is expired, the outcome of the bout shall be voted by the Judges, the Referee included, and then the Referee shall declare the winner by raising a hand on the side of the winner and announcing “SHIRO (AKA) NO KACHI”. The bout is ended at this point.
    5. If IPPON is scored, the Referee shall count votes of the Judges, the Referee included and indicate the victory by raising a hand on the side of the winner and declaring “SHIRO (AKA) IPPON! SHIRO (AKA) NO KACHI!”. The bout is ended at this point.
    6. If a competitor loses consciousness, the Referee must provide aid under the supervision of the Tournament Doctor. In this case, the other competitor will stand, facing outside of the competition area and wait for decision. If the fallen competitor is revived, the Referee shall bring him back to the starting line, facing the Presidium. If the fallen competitor is sent away from the competition area for the aid, only the other competitor will be left on the competition area for the decision announcement.
    7. When the decision by the Judges is announced, at the referee’s order
      8. of “SHOMEN-NI!” (“Prepare for bow to the Presidium!”; at this moment the Referee shall extend his right hand with extended fingers towards the Presidium) the competitors prepare themselves for bow toward the Presidium, and at the referee’s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”) they will bow towards the Presidium. The Referee shall make the bow towards the Presidium together with the competitors.
    8. At the referee’s order of “SHUSHIN-NI!” (“Face the Referee!”; at this moment the Referee shall extend his hands with fists clenched palm side up towards the competitors) the competitors will face the Referee, and at the referee’s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”; at this moment the Referee shall bring his fists to his chin palm side down) they will bow towards the Referee. The Referee shall also make the bow towards the competitors.
    9. At the referee’s order of “O-TAGAI-NI!” (“Face each other!”; at this moment the Referee shall extend his hands with fists clenched palm side up towards the competitors) the competitors will face each other, and at the Referee‟s order of “REI!” (“Bow!”; at this moment the Referee shall bring his fists to each other in front of his chest) they will bow towards each other. The Referee shall not make the bow this time.
    10. At the referee’s order of “AKUSHU!” (“Shake hands!”), the competitors forward each other and shake hands with both hands and then leave the competition area.
    11. Before leaving the competition area the competitors bow first towards the Presidium and then towards the competition area.
  14. Once the Referee has announced the result of the contest to the competitors it will not be possible for the Referee to change this decision after the Referee and Judges have left the competition area.
  15. Should the Referee award the contest to the wrong competitor in error, the Judges must ensure that he changes this erroneous decision before the Referee and Judges leave the competition area.
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